Electrical Safety

What is the Lock Out and Tag out (LOTO)?

Lock out tag out (LOTO) is a procedure, that applies to the machine before starting maintenance on the machine. in this procedure, cut off or close all power sources and hang relevant instruction tags on all power sources to make the machine safe for maintenance and engineering work.

As you can understand, lock-out and tag-out are two words. If the equipment is locked at a close position it means Lock-out. Anyone can’t change the position of this equipment without the key. Second, hang the instruction tag at the lock. Instruction shows why locked this equipment and anyone can’t try to change the position of this equipment. Tag-out warnings to employees not to use this equipment.

Importance of Lockout Tag-out

When mechanics work at the machine they shut off the machine they do not lock out and tag out the machine. In this case, other people who don’t know about mechanics activity at the machine. They switch on the machine this is very dangerous for mechanics. A safety process is very necessary to prevent incidents like this.

Permit to lock out tag out

Work Permit Template

LOTO kit

Procedure / Training

1. Prepare for shutdown or maintenance
   • First, inform the machine or device-related department like processing, boarding, or finishing. Manage maintenance time and date with the supervision authority of this department.
2. Notify all employees of the activities and equipment involved.
   • Notify all employees about machine or equipment maintenance or shutdown. Inform about the date and time. Because any worker doesn’t start the machine during maintenance. This is very important for the safety of workers and machines.
3. Shut down the equipment.
   • Shut off the power of the machine and all power sources. Shut off the main electric breaker, close the steam inlet valve, close the compressed air valve, and close the water inlet valve.
4. Isolate the equipment from the hazardous energy source.
   • Close all energy sources of the machine or equipment.
     • 1. Electrical power
     • 2. Mechanical Power
     • 3. Steam power
     • 4. Compressed air
     • 5. Hydraulic power
5. Dissipate residual energy.
   • Dissipate residual energy like steam and compressed air stored in pipes, tanks, and heat exchangers.
6. Apply applicable lockouts or tagout devices.
   • Properly lock out all valves and devices after closing them. And tag them with related information tags.

After getting the work order to fill out the work permit (Lock out the Tag out permit). Start closing all power sources one by one. These power sources are used in machines.

1. Electrical Power
2. Mechanical Power
3. Steam Power
4. Pneumatic Power
5. Chemical Power

Lock out Tag out locks

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What is a Work Order?

A work order is a form of work procedure structure, parts, and accessories used during this work. In this form, a task or job that needs to be work. This form records the maintenance of the machine in the industry and works at the site in construction.

What is a Maintenance Work Order?

A Maintenance Work Order is a formal document or digital record used to initiate, document, and track the maintenance, repair, or servicing of equipment, facilities, or infrastructure. It serves as a communication tool between different departments, such as operations, maintenance teams, and management. To ensure that maintenance tasks are completed efficiently and systematically.

Example of a work order

Maintenance of the machine and installation of the new machine in the production system. Work on equipment with details of checkable points and work procedures. This is a strong example of a work order.

In these examples, everything is preplanned and the work order is a preplanned document to perform these works.

Maintenance Work order format and its sections

You can divide this form into different sections for understanding and effective use. As shown in this image, all sections are necessary and important to make this an effective template document that fulfills your needs which you want to mention on it. The maintenance forms are downloadable and printable.

Section #1 (Production + Engineering management )

This section is only about the nature of the work: This section has the type of maintenance and nature of the work.

Schedule Date and Time: The timeline for when the work should be performed. Work Order Number is a unique identifier for tracking and reference. Requestor information is the person or department requesting the work. This Section is designed for the cooperation of both the production and engineering departments.

Equipment or Location Details: Specifies where the maintenance is to be performed or which asset needs attention.
The department where the machine is installed or work to be done like the production department.
The department which needs to work on machines like Electrical and Mechanical.

Priority Level: Indicates urgency (e.g., low, medium, high).

Section #2 (Engineering Management)

This section is about how Deputed Workers are only dependent on Engineering Management. Assigned personnel: to the technicians or teams responsible for completing the task. The person in charge of the department knows the ability of the worker who works under his supervision. In charge deputed the task-related skilled worker for completion of the task.

Section #3 (Engineering Management + EHS/HSE)

Before starting work check the power sources and cut them off. Ensure the engineering management person cuts off all power sources before beginning work.

Section #4 (Engineering Management + EHS/HSE)

This section is about safety checks in the form of PPEs. The EHS department checked the list of PPEs (Personal Protective Equipment) used during the completion of the task.

Section #5 (Workers Responsibilities)

This section is about machine parts that need to be checked. The description of the Task is a detailed explanation of the maintenance work needed. Details and description of all work in case of checklist one by one checking and fault rectification is the duty of deputed worker.

Section #6 (Workers’ Feedback about Work)

The workers completed the task after checking all the mentioned points in the work detail section. They know about the condition and faults of each part. They should write the details about work done in feedback for the next work plan and keep the record.

Section #7 (Signature evidence about work)

After completing the task, seniors check it and make a signature on the form. Completion Status: A field to document progress or mark the task as completed. Approval Section: Signatures or digital approvals from supervisors or managers.

Possible Section (Engineering + Store Management)

Some templates include this section for better and more effective communication. Materials and Tools Required: Any parts, supplies, or equipment needed for the job. This section of the spare parts store records spare parts consumed during the completion of the work.
Like machine parts that changed due to being out of order or rusty issued from spare parts store.

Types of Work Order

industry type in this document.

Purpose

The purpose of this form is to manage the work with the cooperation of different departments. Work orders are effective for these points.

1. Ensures clarity in communication and task delegation.
2. Tracks the history of maintenance activities.
3. Enhances resource planning (tools, personnel, and materials).
4. Improves asset reliability and minimizes downtime.
5. Provides documentation for compliance and audits.

Maintenance Work Order Template

Here are some Maintenance Work Order samples that you can easily download and print for your further use.

How do you manage your work?

Based on your industry, site, and work conditions, you can design this form for effective use. When you design a work order form for your desired work, you should know everything about your work.

Work Order Management

The management of this form is the only duty of the Engineering Department to make it the record of work. So much software on the market to manage this type of form. Some companies have their own ERP system to manage these works and keep the records.

Work order vs work permit

Here are some differences between work orders and a work permit although both documents are part of the Lock Out Tagout work procedure.

Work Order	Work Permit
This document is part of the Lock out Tag out work procedure	This document is also part of the lockout tagout work procedure
Work orders are decided after cooperation with the production department	Work permit decided by the on-duty responsible engineering person
Work order is an earlier step to work	The work permit is a post-step to work
A work order is a document that authorizes and details a specific task or set of tasks to be completed. It is essentially an instruction or request for work to be carried out.	A work permit is a document that grants permission to perform a specific type of work, especially when it involves potential hazards or requires adherence to strict safety regulations.
It is used for routine maintenance, repair jobs, installation, or any task that needs to be tracked and managed.	This includes details such as the nature of the work, location, potential hazards, safety measures, required protective equipment, emergency procedures, and the duration for which the permit is valid.
Includes details like the nature of the work, location, time frame, materials needed, labor requirements, and any special instructions or specifications	Includes details like the nature of the work, location, potential hazards, safety measures, protective equipment required, emergency procedures, and the duration for which the permit is valid.
Issued internally within a company by a manager or supervisor to a technician, maintenance team, or service provider.	Issued by a safety officer, site manager, or any authorized personnel responsible for overseeing safety compliance.

Organizations often use Computerized Maintenance Management Systems (CMMS) to create, manage, and store work orders electronically for improved efficiency and tracking.

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Work on height definition

When you work more than 6 feet or 1.8 meters from the ground level and you need to climb with a helping tool to perform the work, it is called work at height.

Work at height permit

Working at height hazards and their remedies

Common Hazards

1. Falling From height
   • A full-body harness is the best PPE to protect against falls from height.
2. Falling Objects
   • Safety Helmet is the best PPE to protect the head from falling objects
3. Insufficient PPEs
   • Always wear complete personal protective equipment to protect yourself from any type of hazard related to your body attachments.
4. Ladder collapse
   • Before starting work, always check the ladder’s condition, installation position, and angle with the wall or any other object where the ladder is attached.
5. Unstable working surface
   • Make sure your work surface is stable and easy to work on.
6. Equipment failure
   • If the equipment you use while working fails, you should have an alternative piece of equipment that you can use in an emergency.
7. Inadequate edges
   • Safety gloves and your tight working dress can protect you from inadequate edges.
8. Scaffolding collapse
   • There are many reasons for the collapse of scaffolding. So each safety point should be checked before using scaffolding.
9. Improper ladder positioning
   • Always install a leader under the working point so you can work with your comfortable body position.
10. Overconfidence
    • Overconfidence can cause mistakes that are not acceptable while you work at height.

Other Hazards

1. Weather and wind speed
2. Fragile roofing
3. Overload Ladders
4. Lack of training
5. Improper body position
6. Work experience
7. Height phobia
8. Work Duration

Working at height safety tips

Wind Speed

According to the Health and Safety Executive (HSE), if the wind speed is above 23 MPH (10.3 ms or Beaufort scale 5), it’s likely that a worker could lose his balance.

Personal Safety

Safety is very important when you work at a height. Because there are so many risks and hazards associated with working at height.

The physical condition of the worker

1. Workers should not be the patients of height phobia.
2. The workers should be happy and in a good mood.

What PPE is required to work at height?

1. Safety helmet
   • All parts of the safety helmets like the shell, harness, harness fixing, headband, sweatband, peak, and chin strip should be in good condition.
2. Safety shoes
   • Safety shoes should be in good condition and there should be no chance of slipping.
3. Full body harness
   • (Full body harness is a very necessary PPE while working at height)
   • All the parts and belts of the safety harness should be in good condition.
4. Safety gloves

 Safety Harness

Here are some safety harnesses according to work conditions.

D rings are in a full-body harness

• 1. Dorsal D-Ring for Fall Arrest.
• 1. Sternal D-Ring for Fall Arrest. 
• 1 Ventral D-Ring at waist level for Rope Access work
• 2 Lateral D-Rings for Work Positioning.

At what height is fall protection required?

According to OSHA Standard

1. (4)Four feet in general industry workplaces
2. (5)Five feet in shipyards
3. (6)Six feet in the construction industry
4. (8)Eight feet long shoring operations

What height is scaffolding required?

Scaffolding is necessary for work that is performed at over 4 meters height.

Scaffolding Safety

1. When you work at height use a scaffold or other safe source.
2. Scaffolding pipes and clamps should be in good condition and not over-rusted or damaged.
3. The base plate of the scaffold should be a hard surface. The surface should be able to carry the weight.
4. The scaffold links should be in good condition and the nuts and bolts should be tightened properly.
5. Fit the scaffold with the proper height-to-base ratio, the ratio is 4:1.
6. Fit cross pipes with the proper shape of clamps to control the angular movement of the scaffold.
7. The scaffold climbing frame should be in good condition and the gap between pipes should be proper for safe climbing.
8. The sliding bar should be installed at 8 feet from the working platform of the scaffold. Other than 2 feet higher than a worker’s height.
9. If the scaffold links are not properly tight or the clamps slip then make some welding spots on pipes under the clamps to prevent them from slipping.

Wooden Planks Safety

1. A wooden piece fit for support should be at the end edge of wooden planks to prevent slipping of wooden planks.
2. The thickness of wooden planks should be according to the wood’s strength.
3. The width of the wooden planks should be no less than 1 foot.
4. There should not be knots and cracks on wooden planks and no paint. Because paint covers the knots and cracks that are not safe.
5. There should be no bending or misalignment on wooden planks.
6. There should be no gap of more than 1 to 2 inches between wooden planks. The planks should be parallel.
7. The planks should be parallel.
8. Try not to use seasoned wood planks. Because the seasoning process decreases the strength of the wood.

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Posts related to Work Permits and Types

The importance of PPE and its uses is to improve occupational safety. It is important to know about the personal protective equipment PPE and its uses. Always remember “Be first safe then work”. Safety is important for each work and the responsibility of each worker. A worker doesn’t have to know how to complete this work. It’s important to know how to complete the job safely so that the workers can save themselves and others from hazards.

Importance of PPE and its uses

Our body parts are the precious gift of nature, so we should take care of our body parts. Every activity we perform in our lives is possible due to our body parts.

PPE Hazard Matrix

The PPE (Personal Protective Equipment) Hazards Matrix is a tool designed to help identify and evaluate workplace hazards. Ensuring appropriate PPE is selected according to the risks. This matrix helps you to select the PPE for your safety according to the hazard and.

Key Elements of the PPE Hazards Matrix

1. Hazard Categories:
   • The matrix lists common types of workplace hazards, often divided into categories such as:
     • Physical Hazards: Noise, vibration, temperature extremes, impact, falling objects.
     • Chemical Hazards: Exposure to corrosives, solvents, gases, or other toxic substances.
     • Biological Hazards: Pathogens, viruses, bacteria, or mold.
     • Radiation Hazards: UV, X-ray, or other ionizing/non-ionizing radiation.
     • Ergonomic Hazards: Strains due to repetitive motion or poor posture.
2. Hazard Description:
   • Detailed descriptions of each hazard, including the conditions under which they occur, the severity of potential harm, and the duration of exposure.
3. Recommended PPE:
   • Specific PPE is recommended to address each hazard. Examples include:
     • Head Protection: Hard hats for falling objects.
     • Eye and Face Protection: Goggles or face shields for chemical splashes or flying particles.
     • Hearing Protection: Earplugs or earmuffs for loud environments.
     • Respiratory Protection: Masks or respirators for inhalation hazards.
     • Hand Protection: Gloves resistant to chemicals, cuts, or heat.
     • Body Protection: Aprons, lab coats, or flame-resistant clothing.
     • Foot Protection: Steel-toed boots or slip-resistant footwear.
4. Risk Levels:
   • Some matrices include columns or rows to indicate the risk level (e.g., low, medium, high) associated with each hazard, guiding the selection of PPE with sufficient protection.
5. Control Measures:
   • Incorporates the hierarchy of controls, emphasizing that PPE should be the last line of defense, after engineering, administrative controls, and safe work practices have been implemented.
6. Special Considerations:
   • Factors like environmental conditions (e.g., wet environments), compatibility with other PPE, and worker comfort are sometimes included.

Benefits of the PPE Hazards Matrix

• Systematic Approach: Ensures all potential hazards are reviewed.
• Customization: Allows tailoring to specific industries or jobs.
• Compliance: Helps meet regulatory requirements (e.g., OSHA standards).
• Efficiency: Streamlines PPE selection and training processes.

By following the matrix, employers can ensure that their workers are adequately protected while promoting safety and compliance in the workplace.

Specifically, when we work in a factory we face many hazards like acidic liquids, hazards of machines, and fire hazards. In this case, if we do not use PPE it could be dangerous for us and cause death or serious injury. Our body parts could be partially or completely affected.

When we discuss PPE and its uses, showing details of PPE is very necessary

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What do you mean by PPE?

PPE means Personal Protective Equipment. PPEs are physical objects that you use to protect yourself from hazards. PPEs protect your body parts while working in hazardous workplaces. Safety helmets protect your head, safe shoes protect your feet and gloves protect your hands. The importance of PPE and its uses are described in detail above.

What are 4 pieces of PPE?

Why is PPE important?

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) are items you can wear/use to protect your body against various hazards. Without PPEs, any incident can affect your body in case of injury or disability. PPEs are important because they prepare you for health and safety risks and give you extra protection and mental satisfaction in the event of an accident or against the elements.

What standard of PPE is required?

The OSHA standard 29 CFR 1910.132 presents PPEs for industry workers

OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) according to regulation 29 CFR 1910.132. PPEs are very essential in the general industry for the protection of employees. PPE and its user training are also held by OSHA.

What type of PPE?

1. Construction Site Workers‘ PPEs
   • Safety helmet, safety shoes, gloves, masks, Harness.
2. Chemical worker PPE.
   • face shields, gloves, glasses, goggles, gowns, head coverings, masks, respirators, or shoe covers.
3. Machine Operator PPEs
   • gloves, glasses, goggles, gowns, helmets, masks, respirators, or shoe covers.
4. Mechanical worker PPEs
   • Cotton gloves, Safety helmets, Safety shoes, and masks.
5. Hot work PPEs
   • face shields, welding gloves, welding goggles, masks, and safety shoes.
6. Grinding work PPEs
   • face shields, gloves, glasses and goggles, masks, and safety shoes.
7. Electrical worker PPEs
   • Electric gloves, Rubber mate, Rubber shoes, masks.

What is the full name of PPE?

PPE (Personal Protective Equipment).

What are two common types of PPE?

1. Safety shoes
2. Safety helmet

What are the 3 types of eye protection?

1. Face Shield
2. Glasses and goggles
3. Black glass welding face shield

How should PPE be used? or How do you put on PPE step by step?

1. Start wearing safety shoes.
   • Don’t wear torn shoes.
2. Then wear a safety helmet.
   • Don’t use a Brocken chin-strip helmet.
3. Wear gloves as per the required type.
   • Don’t use torn or heavily contaminated gloves

What is PPE training?

Training Description: This training covers the general requirements for Personal Protective Equipment. The importance of PPE is the slogan of our training.

1. Mechanical PPEs
   • Steel toe safety shoes and appropriate gloves and helmet with chin strap.
2. Electrical PPEs
   • shock-protective and arc-resistant (AR) clothing. * Maintain, inspect, and test electrical PPE.
3. Chemical PPE.

Every trainer focuses on the importance of PPE and its

Who is responsible for PPE?

Employers Must Pay for Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Employees Must wear Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)

What is the color code for safety?

Safety Signs Color Code

1. Mandatory signs are blue
2. Prohibition and fire safety signs are red
3. The warning signs are yellow
4. first aid and emergency exit signs are green

Apron color code

1. The first aider’s apron is green
2. The firefighter’s apron is red.
3. The floor warden’s apron is yellow.

Safety Helmet Color Code

1. Yellow for Construction site workers and heavy-duty operators
2. White for site engineer, supervisor, and visitors
3. Blue for mechanics and machine operators
4. Red for firefighters
5. Green for safety officers and health and environment engineers.
6. Orange for Smith worker and welder

Which PPE is used for hand protection?

Cotton gloves, Nitrile gloves, Neoprene gloves, Rubber gloves, welding gloves, Electric gloves, etc…

How do you remove PPE?

First, remove aprons or body harnesses. Second, remove goggles or face shields. Third, remove the safety helmet. Fourth, remove gloves and wash your hands with soap. At last, remove the safety shoes.

Which PPE should be removed first?

Approns or shoes cover or body harnesses and even safety helmets. For this, they should be trained in PPE and its uses.